Remove the DNS over HTTPS (DoH) proxy feature built on CoreDNS due to
security vulnerabilities (GO-2025-3942, GO-2026-4289).
This removes:
- Standalone proxy-dns command (cloudflared proxy-dns)
- Tunnel subcommand (cloudflared tunnel proxy-dns)
- Proxy-dns flags for tunnel run (--proxy-dns, --proxy-dns-port, etc.)
- Config file resolver section support
- tunneldns/ package (CoreDNS-based implementation)
- Related component tests
BREAKING CHANGE: The proxy-dns feature is no longer available.
Users should migrate to alternative DNS over HTTPS solutions.
## Summary
Update several moving parts of cloudflared build system:
* use goboring 1.24.2 in cfsetup
* update linter and fix lint issues
* update packages namely **quic-go and net**
* install script for macos
* update docker files to use go 1.24.1
* remove usage of cloudflare-go
* pin golang linter
Closes TUN-9016
Also update golang.org/x/net and google.golang.org/grpc to fix vulnerabilities,
although cloudflared is using them in a way that is not exposed to those risks
João "Pisco" Fernandes
João Oliveirinha
Luis Neto
chungthuang
Devin Carr
Sudarsan Reddy
Igor Postelnik